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Stay Loose: Stretches for Runners
Incorporate the Cool Running stretching routine into
your workouts to reduce muscle soreness and prevent injury.
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Posted Sunday, 31 March, 2002
There's an endless number of runners who seem perfectly able to squeeze in
many hours of running every week but who just don't seem to have the time to
stretch for five or ten minutes before and after. Find the time.
Sure, it's not as fun as hitting the road, and the benefits may not be as
immediately obvious. But a good and consistent stretching program can save you a
lot of trouble and keep you running when you might otherwise become injured.
Along with training gently and choosing the right shoes, stretching is the most
important thing you can do to protect your body from the rigors of the road.
You'll also find that the benefits of stretching include reduced muscle soreness
after running and even better athletic performance.
That said, you should be careful about how you stretch. If not done properly,
stretching can actually cause injury rather than prevent it. Rule number one in
stretching: do not bounce. It's a common mistake, but bouncing risks pulling or
tearing the muscle you're trying to stretch and relax. Muscles must be stretched
gradually. If a stretch is applied too quickly, the muscle responds with a
strong contraction, increasing tension. If the stretch is applied slowly,
however, this contraction reflex is avoided, muscle tension falls, and you may
stretch the muscle further. The lesson here: stretch slowly and hold the stretch
for 30 to 40 seconds.
Do not stretch beyond the point where you begin to feel tightness in the
muscle. Do not push through muscle resistance, and never stretch to the point of
discomfort or pain.
Build stretching into your regular schedule both before and after your daily
run -- it's best to do your pre-run stretching after a gentle warmup run of five
or ten minutes, since "warm" muscles stretch more easily.
For a model stretching program, try out the 12 stretches recommended below.
If you must abbreviate the routine, at least do the three types of
wall pushup,
the
hamstring stretch, the
heel-to-buttock
stretch, and the
groin stretch.
Repeat each stretch two or three times:
Stand about three feet from a wall, feet at shoulder width and flat on the
ground. Put your hands on the wall with your arms straight for support. Lean
your hips forward and bend your knees slightly to stretch your calves.
2. Wall Pushup #2
From the previous position, bend forward to lower your body to waist height.
Bring one foot forward with your knee slightly bent. Lift the toes of the front
foot to stretch the muscle under the calf. Stretch both legs.
3. Wall Pushup #3
Put your feet together, rocking back on your heels with your hands on the
wall and your arms straight to form a jackknife with your body. This stretches
your hips, shoulders, and lower back.
4. Back Scratch
Grab your elbow with the opposite hand and gently push the elbow up and
across your body until your hand reaches down to "scratch" your back. Gently
push on your elbow to guide your hand down your back as far as it will
comfortably go, stretching your triceps and shoulders. Stretch both arms.
Lie down with one leg straight up in the air, the other bent with foot flat
on the ground. Loop a towel over the arch of the lifted foot, and gently pull on
the towel as you push against it with your foot. Push only to the point where
your muscles contract. Stretch both legs.
6. Quadriceps Stretch
Kneel on your knees (without resting back on your heels). Lean back with your
body erect and your arms to the side. Hold for 15 seconds.
Stand on one foot, with one hand on a wall for balance. Hold the other foot
with the opposite hand and raise the heel of the lifted foot to the buttocks (or
as close as comfortably possible), stretching your quadriceps. Keep your body
upright throughout. Change legs and repeat.
Sit on the ground with your legs crossed. Lift your right leg and cross it
over the left, which should remain bent. Hug the right leg to your chest and
twist the trunk of your body to look over your right shoulder. Change legs and
repeat (i.e. looking over your left shoulder).
Lie on your side with both legs bent in running position. Bring the bottom
leg toward your chest and then bring the top one back toward your buttocks, so
that the running position of your legs is exaggerated as possible. Hold for 30
seconds then flip sides and repeat.
Lie on your back with your knees bent. Hug your shins to your chest to
stretch your hamstrings and lower back.
11. Bridge
Lie on your back and, with your feet flat on the ground, lift your hips up
until your body forms a flat plane. Repeat this one ten times for 30 seconds
each to stretch your quads and lower back.
Seated, put the soles of your feet together. With your elbows on the inside
of your knees, gradually lean forward and gently press your knees toward the
ground.